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Nim (programming language)
Nim (formerly named Nimrod) is an imperative, multi-paradigm, compiled programming language designed and developed by Andreas Rumpf. It is designed to be "efficient, expressive, and elegant",〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The Nim Programming Language )〕 supporting metaprogramming, functional, message passing,〔 procedural, and object-oriented programming styles by providing several features such as compile time code generation, algebraic data types, an elegant foreign function interface (FFI) with C and compiling to JavaScript.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=What's so special about Nim? )〕
Initially, the Nim compiler was written in Pascal. In 2008, a version of the compiler written in Nim was released.〔 The compiler is open source and is being developed by a group of volunteers in addition to Andreas Rumpf. The compiler generates optimized C code and defers compiling to an external compiler (a large range of compilers including clang and GCC are supported) to leverage their optimization and portability abilities. The compiler can also generate C++ and Objective-C code to allow for easy interfacing with APIs written in those languages,〔 this in turn allows Nim to be used to write iOS as well as Android applications.
== Description ==
Nim is statically typed, with a simple syntax.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Nim Syntax )〕 It supports compile-time metaprogramming features such as syntactic macros and term rewriting macros.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Nim Manual )〕 Term rewriting macros enable library implementations of common data structures such as bignums and matrixes to be implemented with an efficiency as if they would have been builtin language facilities.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Strangeloop Nim presentation )〕Iterators are supported and can be used as first class entities〔 in the language as can functions, these features allow for functional programming to be used. Object-oriented programming is supported by inheritance and multiple dispatch. Functions can be generic and can also be overloaded, generics are further enhanced by the support for type classes. Operator overloading is also supported.〔 Nim includes automatic garbage collection based on deferred reference counting with cycle detection.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Nim's Garbage Collector )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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